This page was created by Magdalena Kolodziej. 

Bodies and Structures 2.0: Deep-Mapping Modern East Asian History

Yōga

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In general, painters in Japan at the time tended to specialize in one of the two modes of painting: 1) nihonga, painting with ink and mineral pigments on paper or silk (literally "Japanese Painting") (Nihonga encompassed also literati painting, known as bunjinga or nanga), or 2) seiyōga or yōga, oil painting and watercolor (literally "Western Painting"). The distinction between the two modes was based on the medium, painterly technique, and the presumed set of traditions and masters each mode was indebted to, not on the nationality of the painter or the subject matter of the work. However, each of these criteria were up for debate. The official exhibitions in Tokyo accepted submissions to the two respective divisions, nihonga and seiyōga. With the launch of the Taiwan Fine Arts Exhibition in 1927, a similar categorization emerged in Taiwan. The equivalent of nihonga in Taiwan came to be known as tōyōga.

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