Bodies and Structures 2.0: Deep-Mapping Modern East Asian HistoryMain MenuGet to Know the SiteGuided TourShow Me HowA click-by-click guide to using this siteModulesRead the seventeen spatial stories that make up Bodies and Structures 2.0Tag MapExplore conceptsComplete Grid VisualizationDiscover connectionsGeotagged MapFind materials by geographic locationLensesCreate your own visualizationsWhat We LearnedLearn how multivocal spatial history changed how we approach our researchAboutFind information about contributors and advisory board members, citing this site, image permissions and licensing, and site documentationTroubleshootingA guide to known issuesAcknowledgmentsThank youDavid Ambaras1337d6b66b25164b57abc529e56445d238145277Kate McDonald306bb1134bc892ab2ada669bed7aecb100ef7d5fThis project was made possible in part by a major grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Long-Distance Transmission
1media/shugyutosho.background.jpegmedia/Het_eiland_Deshima_in_de_baai_van_Nagasaki_Keiga_Kawahara,_ca_1825.jpg2019-12-04T19:22:59-05:00Maren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31d3523image_header49252021-01-01T23:34:08-05:00Maren EhlersMaren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31dThis pathway describes the various transfers that resulted in the importation of the cowpox virus from Batavia to Fukui in Echizen province. It explores the interplay of vehicles and networks involved in moving this live substance along and accommodating its spatio-temporal characteristics. At the most basic level, the virus was carried by one of two types of bodily secretion--either fresh lymph or scabs. These secretions were able to cross long distances only when inserted into another vehicle--either a glass or tin container or the body of a child, which in turn had to travel by ship, on horseback, or on foot. Finally, various types of networks--ties between physicians, relationships between the Tokugawa shogunate and the domains, and trade relations between Japan and other states--determined where, when, and how the virus entered the Japanese islands and traveled from Nagasaki to Fukui.
1media/Het_eiland_Deshima_in_de_baai_van_Nagasaki_Keiga_Kawahara,_ca_1825.jpg2019-12-04T19:24:49-05:00Maren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31dLymph, Scabs, and the Transfer from Batavia to Nagasaki102image_header2021-01-03T12:05:30-05:00Maren EhlersMaren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31d
12019-12-04T19:03:46-05:00Maren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31dGlass Plates and the Transfer from Nagasaki to Fukui54plain2021-01-01T23:45:27-05:00Maren EhlersMaren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31d
1media/Senkyoroku page (1).jpg2019-11-18T17:16:26-05:00Kate McDonald306bb1134bc892ab2ada669bed7aecb100ef7d5fChildren's Bodies and the Transfer from Kyoto to Fukui57plain2021-01-01T23:48:51-05:00Maren EhlersMaren Ehlers18502c6775e5db37b999ee7b08c8c075867ca31d
This section contains six pathways about the introduction of the cowpox vaccine to Echizen province. Each pathway tells a different story about this process, but all six are interconnected and the reader is encouraged to move between them and discover shared themes, links, and intersections.
The Vaccination Clinic in Fukui and Chains of Bodies focus on Fukui domain. The Territorial Approach to Vaccinations focuses on Ōno domain.
Long-Distance Transmission, The Sharing of Vaccines, and Vaccinating the Nishikata Exclave) highlight contacts, collaborations, and vaccine-sharing between vaccinators and officials in Fukui, Ōno, and other parts of the country.
This illustration from the textbook Naika hiroku by Honma Sōken, physician of Mito domain, shows a bandage, a vaccination lancet, and two containers used for vaccines in Japan in the 1860s. The glass bottle on top was intended for storing dried scabs, whereas the tin was intended for fresh lymph or to dissolve ground-up scabs in water in preparation of vaccination. The author deemed both glass and tin containers as suitable for storing cowpox scabs. If sealed well, he estimated the virus to remain viable in them for twenty to thirty days.
For more detail on these and other containers, go to the pathway Long-Distance Transmission.
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