This path was created by Michitake Aso.
Learning in the Sinosphere
The fear of invasion has been explored in the US context but less so for other societies, especially in the “Third World,” which was the site of so many types of invasions. [Include Mark Lawrence's work on the creation of the third world?] Traditional understandings of invasions, or unwanted border crossings, in Vietnamese society have revolved around humans including Mongols, Chinese, and French armies. But biological warfare techniques developed in the twentieth century meant that non-human nature, and the environment itself, could become an invasive threat. Vietnamese medical doctors and cadre became concerned about insidious invasions that would go undetected until after it was too late to resist them and they had to grapple with several questions: What were the geographies of invasion? At what scale could they happen? What would an invasion look like? How could an invasion be differentiated from “natural” processes? Who, and what, would invade? How, in short, could invasions be mapped? And then, perhaps most importantly, how could these invasions be stopped?
In order to study biological warfare, the Việt Minh turned to Chinese investigations carried out in North Korea and Northeast China. Such
If you are unfamiliar with the historical geographies of Northern Vietnam you may wish to explore the subpath on this subject. Otherwise, you can continue on the path about biological warfare during the Korean War.
